8 Super Simple Ways To Explain Complicated Science

6. Superposition = Waiting In Line

The Tricky Bit Quantum superposition is a principle in quantum mechanics that states that particles can exist in multiple states, have multiple (opposing) values and be in multiple positions at the same time. The values of a superposed quantum particle cannot be described in absolutes, but rather as an equation of changeable and unfixed probabilities that all add up to 100% certainty. This is called a wave function. This superposed state lasts until the particle is measured in some way. At this point, the state of the particle is known, the wave function collapses and superposition disappears. Well, the most obvious analogy for quantum superposition is the famous Schrodinger's Cat thought experiment. This, however, is still not much more intuitive than the actual science. The Simpler Way A much simpler way of thinking about superposition is to imagine that you are stood in a queue at the bank (or "line" in case any Americans didn't crack that code). There are four cashiers and everyone stands in a single queue behind the line until called forwards by one of the cashiers. When you are stood in that queue, you are in a state of superposition. The chances of you being served by any one of the cashiers can be described only in terms of probabilities that add up to 100%. Furthermore, as the customers currently at each cashier take different lengths of time, these probabilities are in flux as they fumble with their wallets/chat to the cashier/rush things through. Then you are called forwards to cashier number four, the state of superposition is collapsed and "served by cashier number four" state becomes 100%.