MCU: What Happened To Everyone Who Held The Mind Stone?

Vision didn't exactly hold onto the Mind Stone as it was embedded within his forehead. It was the primary source of his power, and he used it for a number of purposes while he retained it in his forehead.

When he first appeared in the last act of Avengers: Age of Ultron, he was shown using the Mind Stone to project a concentrated beam of yellow energy at his enemies. This beam was shown to be immensely powerful, and capable of destroying pretty much whatever it was directed against.

Vision continued to use the Mind Stone throughout the events of Captain America: Civil War, and would again use it in the opening act of Avengers: Infinity War where he used it as a weapon against the Children of Thanos who sought him out on Earth so they could recover the Mind Stone.

Vision continued to use it but sought the help of Shuri to remove it safely from his forehead. Unfortunately, she wasn't able to complete the complicated removal process in time, and Vision was forced into the fight where he used the Stone again as his primary weapon. By the end of the film, he convinced Wanda to destroy it, which she did, but Thanos' use of the Time Stone reversed those events. He quickly defeated Wanda, and then plucked the Stone from Vision's forehead, which resulted in his immediate death.